Nellore: Coordinated observations by India’s Aditya-L1 and the European Space Agency’s Proba-3 missions have provided new insights into the early evolution of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), massive eruptions of plasma and magnetic fields from the Sun.
Researchers from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics and international institutions analysed two CMEs observed simultaneously by Aditya-L1’s Visible Emission Line Coronagraph (VELC) and Proba-3’s ASPIICS instrument on September 14 and 16, 2025.
The September 14 CME travelled at approximately 645 km per second, while the September 16 event moved at 145 km per second. VELC captured both eruptions at an early stage, complementing observations by ASPIICS and enabling independent estimates of their mass, density and energy.
The study found that thermal energy accounted for only about 1% of the total energy of the September 14 CME. In the September 16 event, thermal energy increased until it matched the kinetic energy. Magnetic energy was estimated to be comparable to or greater than kinetic energy.
The findings highlight the scientific value of combining white-light imaging with spectroscopic observations to better understand the dynamics and energy of CMEs in the Sun’s inner corona. They also underscore the potential of coordinated international solar research to advance understanding of solar eruptions.
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