World AIDS Day, observed annually on December 1, serves as a crucial reminder of the ongoing battle against HIV/AIDS. Understanding the distinction between HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) is vital for awareness and education.
Key Differences Between HIV and AIDS
HIV:
- Definition: HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells (T cells), which are essential for fighting infections.
- Transmission: It can be transmitted through contact with infected bodily fluids, including blood, semen, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids, and breast milk.
- Stages: HIV infection progresses through several stages. If untreated, it can lead to AIDS over time.
AIDS:
- Definition: AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV infection. It is diagnosed when the immune system is severely damaged, indicated by a CD4 cell count below 200 cells/mm³ or the occurrence of certain opportunistic infections or cancers.
- Symptoms: Individuals with AIDS may experience severe symptoms and complications due to their weakened immune systems, making them vulnerable to infections and diseases that a healthy immune system would typically fight off.
- Treatment: While there is no cure for HIV or AIDS, antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively manage HIV infection, allowing individuals to live long and healthy lives. Early diagnosis and consistent treatment can prevent the progression from HIV to AIDS.
Conclusion
World AIDS Day emphasizes the importance of understanding both HIV and AIDS to combat stigma and promote education about prevention and treatment. By raising awareness about these differences, individuals can better support those living with HIV/AIDS and advocate for health equity and access to care.
